/or products that generate taste. This approach is implemented by injecting PAC immediately upstream from the UF block – known as the Cristal process. Therefore, the ideal PAC will be made up of grains ... Clarification, Ultrafor, Cristal, Pulsator, Densadeg, Membrane separation ... Clarification Ultrafor Cristal Pulsator Densadeg Membrane separation...

of water supply system to Paris, this unit, with a 100,000 m3/day capacity, guarantees Parisians with quality water thanks to the Cristal® process combined activated carbon and membrane ultrafiltration ... Ultrafiltration, Centrifugation, Ultrazur, Drinking water, Disinfection, Sludge thickening, Cristal ... Ultrafiltration Centrifugation Ultrazur Drinking water Disinfection Sludge thickening Cristal...

). This is the Cristal process (see separation by membranes). It should be noted that the carbon used is recovered in the backwash water and that this water can very usefully be returned to the inlet of a sludge ... Adsorption, Densadeg, Pulsator, Carbazur, Cristal, GAC ... Adsorption Densadeg Pulsator Carbazur Cristal GAC...

. Photo 11. The Eupen Dam in Belgium the cristal process In this process (figure 12), the two techniques described above are combined, i.e: fixing dissolved contaminants on an insoluble ... Nanofiltration, Cristal, Drinking water, Surface water, Membranes, Sand filtration, Ultrafiltration, PAC ... Nanofiltration Cristal Drinking water Surface water Membranes Sand filtration Ultrafiltration PAC...

3· d–1 – Refurbishment Incorporating the Cristal process (PAC + UF, see section membrane processes) downstream from a clarification system (e.g. Vigneux, France). Converting sand filters ... Preozonation, Pulsator, Cristal, Denitratation, Nitrification, Drinking water, Denitrification, Carbonate removal, GAC, PAC ... Preozonation Pulsator Cristal Denitratation Nitrification Drinking water Denitrification Carbonate removal GAC PAC...

-based toxins or any other dissolved organic contamination problem, preference must be given to a sludge blanket clarifier (used alone or as part of the "extended Cristal" process, see membrane processes ... Superpulsator, Filtration, Cristal, Densadeg, Ozone, Drinking water, Surface water, Algae, Flotation, Settling, GAC, PAC ... Superpulsator Filtration Cristal Densadeg Ozone Drinking water Surface water Algae Flotation Settling GAC PAC...