A water treatment plant that uses the lagooning system will generally follow on from mechanical pre-treatment or a complete tratment of activated sludge type (in this case, we have tertiary...

with the excess sludge; nitrification: oxidation of ammonia nitrogen into nitrites and then into nitrates; denitrification: converting nitrates into nitrogen gas that is discharged to the atmosphere...

similar to that applicable to the conventional activated sludge process. Figure 27 provides three examples of possible configurations. Figure 27. Typical Ultrafor configurations A higher sludge...

place will be supplied by natural draughts or forced ventilation. The liquid collected at the film outlet feeds a secondary sedimentation tank where the sludge produced is separated from the treated...

. Figure 2. Radialmix mixer the MSC sludge mixer This cyclonic type mixer is ideal for sludge conditioning (figure 3). It comprises a cylindrical section which receives incoming sludge...

is clarified in scraped thickening tanks and a series of several washers is used in countercurrent mode to wash the bottom sludge (red mud); the washed sludge can be dewatered using vacuum belt filters (figure...

settle very rapidly and are present in initial concentrations that range from 0.2 to several grams per litre and require special equipment for pumping out from grit removers (see structures). sludge pre...

(fibres) or animal (abattoir) waste, elastomers and plastics etc. Therefore, grease removal consists in a compromise between maximum grease retention and minimum fermentable bottom sludge deposits. Due...

growth (activated sludge)). ...

bacteria display the same sensitivity to different toxic products and, for instance, table 5 in the page 2 of suspended growth activated sludge, lists some of the organics inhibitors that are specific...

; sludge concentration detectors using optical or ultrasonic techniques. Some flowmeters are pulse generators, allowing the throughput volume to be recorded. ...

of sludge extraction from 20 to 40% g/l Algae abatement approximately 90% ...

Aquazur® V sand filters A final disinfection A sludge bed drying. The treated water is then sent nearly 10 km from the site to two 10,000 m3 reservoirs each. In total, this project required...

the water to rotate before it is discharged from an axial overflow nozzle (figure 8). Figure 8. Hydrocyclone Concentrated sludge is discharged through the point (underflow). In the smaller units...

sludge. hydrometallurgy This treatment processes pre-concentrated ores in bulk by acid or acid/oxidising agent leaching. The solution is recovered either directly or after a cascade wash...

activated sludge clarifiers and reactors and, depending on the case, reduce ground coverage by a factor of 4 to 7; membrane filtration can replace final clarification when separating sludge from treated...

structures, for instance a lifting station that is capable of a higher throughput, settling tanks or biological tanks converted into storm water tanks or sludge storage tanks, most systems require the entire...

. Contact time will vary from 0.5 to 6 days. The main advantage of this system is that it simplifies excess sludge management to the absolute maximum. For instance, in the case of the Rhizopur process...

>Note: although residuals handling (sludge, saturated adsorbants, membrane backwash waste…), with or without preliminary treatment, is not covered in detail within this chapter, it remains an integral...