This minimum volume of effluent contains a significant level of sulphides 2 to 5 g·L–1 S2– and occasionally phenols; these contaminants require separate treatment for removal. Desulphurisation can...

drying bed applications (20 m wide x 1 km long elements where sludge is pumped in and dispersed and after drying, is collected by an automatically controlled scraper). ...

or a variable speed motor. The outputs metered in this way can range from 50 to 1,000 L · h–1. By virtue of being sealed, this unit can also ensure a regular supply to a pneumatic transport system. Figure...

removal by precipitating BaSO4 in Densadeg (injecting BaCO3 or Ba Cℓ2); removing traces of Ca2+ from specific softening resins (down to below 50 mg · L–1 Ca2+); vacuum dechlorination, often...

assumes that the water in the circuit has minimum electrical conductivity, typically 100 mS · m–1 and more). ...

by increasing concrete plasticity by using a water/cement proportion of less than 0.45 or by using a plasticiser; erosion caused by water circulation velocities in pipes in excess of 4 m · s–1...

by a weighting factor linked to the nature of the tissues. These doses are calculated; the unit used is again the sievert (or J · kg–1). The old radioactivity units, the Curie, Rad and Rem, although unofficial...

bacteria (Eubacteria), the other three have a degree of analogy with either fungi (Mycobacteria) or algae (Algobacteria) or with some single cell animals or protozoa (Pro¬tozoobacteria). Figure 1 (see micro...

of reusable biogas increased by 50% 50% of sludge evacuation costs for a new facility Increase dryness from 4 to 8 points compared to a conventional digestion Sludge volume is reduce by 1/2 compared...

Up to 0 fossil fuel consumption among references Kielce (Poland) 300,000 PE Gdansk (Poland) 800,000 PE Valenton (France) 1*50 tDS/day Shenzhen (China) 2*80 tDS/day ...

: clarification: producing a final clarified effluent with a suspended solids content that is generally below 20-30 mg·L–1, i.e. separation efficiency better than 98%; thickening function: producing...

by micelle measuring between 0.1 micron (micro-emulsion) and some tens of microns and a very variable hydrocarbon concentration ranging from 100 mg · L–1 (complex petrochemical effluent) to 50 g · L–1 (water...

is quite low and velocities, in practice, in the region of 5 to 7.5 m · h–1, cannot exceed 10 m · h–1. These filters can be used : in direct filtration applications with neither coagulant nor...

9 g of CO2 and 7.5 g of Ca(OH)2 will be needed to provide 1 m³ of water with 1 degree of TAC. principle of a CO2 injection unit Although carbon dioxide can be produced with burners that may or may...

and the liquid film resistance to transfer will be generated in such a way that we can write : The expression KLa is termed the mass transfer coefficient whence : a is expressed in m–1 and KL...

After seeding and providing that it has the right environment, a bacterial culture will continue to develop until it has exhausted its nutrient medium. Figure 1 has been prepared for constant...

case: pipe entering into a large tank inlet taper friction loss (∆h1) Evaluate pressure drop ∆h1', in a cylindrical pipe of the same length and having a section equal to the large...

the various films are in place. Too little time will, therefore, produce excessively high rates. Therefore, coupons are typically put in place for 1 to 3 month periods. They may be submerged in the circuit...

salinity usually being less than 10 mg·L–1 (some technologies used to separate out the brine droplets carried in the vapor (demisters) will even make levels of less than 1 mg·L–1 feasible). The necessary...

frequently encountered, i.e. the one that has the greatest frequency. The mode may not exist or it may not be unique. Empirical relation between the mean, the median and the mode (figure 1) : Figure 1...